How do I select a control valve?

Select a control valve in nine stages: collect process data, calculate the required Cv or Kv, check for choked flow, flashing and cavitation, choose the valve body type, choose the flow characteristic, specify pressure class and materials, select the actuator and fail position, verify performance, then complete the specification sheet. Bore size follows from the calculated Cv, not from the pipe size.

How is Cv calculated for a control valve?

Cv is the US liquid flow coefficient: the flow in US gallons per minute that produces a 1 psi pressure drop across the valve at fully open with water at about 60 degrees Fahrenheit. For liquids, Cv = 1.96 x Ft x Q divided by N x Fl x Fp x the square root of (P1 minus P2), where Q is flow in gpm, N is the number of flow paths, P1 and P2 are upstream and downstream pressure in psia, and Ft, Fl and Fp are temperature, liquid recovery and piping geometry correction factors.

What is the difference between Cv and Kv?

Cv and Kv measure the same flow capability in different units. Cv uses US gallons per minute at a 1 psi drop, Kv uses cubic metres per hour at a 1 bar drop. Kv is approximately equal to 0.865 times Cv, and Cv is approximately equal to 1.156 times Kv.

What is the difference between linear and equal percentage flow characteristics?

A linear trim has a constant slope, so 50 percent of rated travel gives roughly 50 percent of rated flow. An equal percentage trim has a constant proportional change, so 50 percent travel gives about 50 percent of rated Cv. Use linear trim when process gain is constant, and equal percentage trim when pressure drop or system resistance varies, which is the most common case.

What does ATO and ATC mean on a fail-safe actuator?

ATO means air to open, so loss of air supply closes the valve and the valve fails closed. ATC means air to close, so loss of air supply opens the valve and the valve fails open. Pneumatic spring-return actuators are ATO or ATC as standard. Electric actuators achieve fail position through a return spring, a stored-energy mechanism, or a battery or UPS backed drive.

Should a control valve be sized for maximum flow?

Not necessarily. A valve sized only for peak flow spends most of its life near 10 percent open, where the trim sees high velocity, noise, vibration and rapid wear. Target steady operation between about 20 and 80 percent of rated travel. If maximum flow is rare, consider a split-range arrangement, two valves in parallel, or an interchangeable trim.

How do I prevent cavitation in a control valve?

Cavitation occurs when vapour bubbles form and collapse in the throat. Control it by keeping downstream pressure above the fluid vapour pressure, reducing the pressure drop across a single stage, using multi-stage or staged trim, specifying an anti-cavitation cage, selecting a larger bore and trimming the flow so velocity stays low, and avoiding high recovery factors downstream of the valve.

What is valve rangeability?

Rangeability is the ratio of maximum to minimum controllable Cv. A conventional globe valve typically offers 30 to 50 to 1, while characterized trim can reach 100 to 1 or more. Practically, most process control loops need a turndown of only about 30 to 1 between the minimum controllable and maximum rated stroke.

Actuators

LAPAR LU Electric Actuator

Valve Actuators Hits: 48

Economical Electric Actuators

LU Series electric actuator is Lapar company new economical electric actuator for ball valves, butterfly valves and other transition back to driving; appearance of fine small, light weight, precise adjustment is the series features; high technology, reliable performance customers on selected products; variety of specifications to meet customer's various torque valve configuration.

Feature

Complete function: Customize intelligent, proportional and switch-type valves of various signal output and voltages
Compact size: Size and weight equal to only 35-40% of congeneric products
High standard protection: Protection standard of IP67 for outdoor operation
Reliable performance: Lengthen service life of easily damaged parts such as bearing and electrical components
Precise and wear resistant: Turbine output shaft is forged by integrated special copper alloy, high in strength and great in wear resistance Little
Return difference: Integrated turbine output shaft avoids clearance of key joint and ensures precision
Safety assurance: Grade F insulation motor passed high-voltage insulation test assures safety
Integrated: Valve body carries intelligent control module, no need of external connection with other accessories
Simple mating: Adopted single-phase source simplifies circuit external connection
Convenient to use: Installation at any angle, no need of secondary maintenance
Protective device: Double limit with over temperature protection
Optional speed: 5S, 10S, 15S, 30S, 60S
Optional explosion-proof type: Explosion series: Ex d IIB T4

Parameter

Size	Torque	Weight	Voltage	Travel time	Motor power	Rated current	Protection standard
5	50Nm	2.4kg	DC24V AC110V AC220V AC380V	10S 30S	20W 10W	2.00A 0.48A 0.24A 0.15A	IP67
10	100Nm	4.2kg	DC24V AC110V AC220V AC380V	10S 30S	40W 23W	2.40A 0.64A 0.32A 0.19A	IP67
20	200Nm	7.2kg	DC24V AC110V AC220V AC380V	10S 30S	40W	8.00A 0.90A 0.48A 0.25A	IP67
40	400Nm	7.2kg	DC24V AC110V AC220V AC380V	10S 30S	90W	7.00A 2.00A 0.92A 0.45A	IP67
60	600Nm	8.0kg	DC24V AC110V AC220V AC380V	10S 30S	90W	7.00A 2.00A 0.92A 0.45A	IP67
100	1000Nm	11.5kg	AC110V AC220V AC380V	50S	100W	2.20A 1.20A 0.48A	IP67
200	2000Nm	12.1kg	AC110V AC220V AC380V	100S	100W	2.20A 1.20A 0.48A	IP67

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Phone: +39 02 8200.0500
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Lapar Control Valve

Actuators

LAPAR LU Electric Actuator

Economical Electric Actuators

Feature

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Lapar S.r.l.